Shaving machine



F. WAYLAND sHAvING MACHINE l Filed Feb. 4,1930

Jan. 19, 1932.

Patented Jaa 19, 1932 FRANK wanaivngorsALEMQMAssAcHUsETrs sHAvING'MACHINE `Aapplivation filed February 4, i930.. `serial No. emissio.` n

` :This invention relates to leather shaving machines of the kindemployedin tanneries and other leather Working establishments andrelates more particularly to .improvements in the feeding mechanism ofsuch a machine.

Inmy copending application, Serial No. 384,635,iiled August), 1929, Ihave disclosed oneembodim-ent of feeding means in `Which a support,carryinga rigid feed roll, 'is moveration I contemplate the employment'of a `30 l ever, in order to control and adjust the amount ablebodilytoward and from the cutter by means Which applies the actuating forcesubstantially in the plane of the movement of the f-eed roll, and Whichis adapted to lock the support unyieldingly in adjusted position;v

While theaforesaid machine is highlyeffective for its intended purpose,I have found for certain Work, for example, for.: shaving calf skinsWhere the longitudinal central portion or back line-'issubstantiallythicker than thesides,*that it is desirable to provide for a slight but`accurately limited yielding ofthe bed or feed roll at a'ipoint or`points inter-- mediate its ends to accommodate such greater thickness,it being understood that With such an arrangement the skin is notreduced to uniform thickness throughout, but varies from center to edge.i 'i To provide for such desirable mode of opfeed roll which, inapaccordance With `one em-f bodiment,`may beta1-solid piece of steelorother' suitable material but of such small diameter relative to itslength'that it will spring away from the cutter When` the skin beingshaved is l1 abnormally thick at places. HOW- of suchspring of theroll,I prefer to provide one orInore adjustableabutments for the roll,such` abutments being provided, if desired, With anti-friction elementsfor engagement With the roll. Normally,abut a single central;

ly disposed abutmentis necessary,but I con`` template the provision of aplurality of abut ments spaced longitudinallyfof the roll and iindependentlyadjustable so as to permit re'- t lief or applicationofthe`pressureexertedby thelfeed lioll at anyY of such points intifthelength oftheroll.

1As an arrangement alternative t0 thelsolid feed roll if abovedescribed, I` may =provide a `hard surfaced rigid andin disposed incooperative relation to the cutter.

`of Fig, l, butshowing .rightrhand `side of the machine in end elevaf`roll a substantially frigid unyielding mounted `upon this sheathing aplurality of 55 eformable rings of steel, brass, i or the like, eachpreferably of relatively small axial extent and spaced slightly fromoneanother so as to permit each 4 ring to movelindependently of the others.60 With this construction the effective surface of the roll isconstitutedby the hard surfaced rings Which individually maintaintheirn0r maljcircular curvature and Whichare thus capable of cooperationWith the cutter' inthe same Way as the usual steelroll, but Which,relative to each other, may yield bodily to compensate for substantialdifferences in thickness `of the skin. t l

Inmy aforesaid application I have also dis-` closed a Vfeed rollWhchacts merely to press the Work against the cutter but Which has nopositive feeding action to advance the Work relatively to the cutter. YFor some types of Work it is desirable to employ a positive feed, but`oni theother hand a constant drive ofthe feedroll is often annoyingtothe operator because it interferes With the proper adjustment` oftheWork inmakin'g it ready for lpresentation to the cutter.`` `Inaccordance `With the present invention I provide for positively; drivingthe feed roll by the use of simple, sturdy, and efficient connectionsWhich are operative to drive the roll only When theroll is` In theaccompanying drawings Which illus-` trate certain desirable embodimentsof the inf., vention'by Way of example: i t

Fig.` l is a front elevation, partly in section and partly broken-away,of a leather shaving machine embodying the, present invention e Fig. :2is` avertical section on the line 2-2 certain parts at the tiongm ,LFig. 3` `is a ,fragmentary end elevation, showing portions of the'mechanism` at the,V

left-hand sideof themachine; J

1 Figrlis al section on the line fof 2 shoWingone `desirable `form `offeed rollA but with certain features greatly exaggerated;

Fig. 5 is a front elevation 'of a modified form of feed roll; and

Fig. 6 is a section to larger scale on the line 6-6 of Fig. 5.

Referring to the drawings the main frame of the-machine is indicated ascomprising. the left-hand and right-hand upright frame members 1 and 2which are united in any desirable manner to form a rigidv support forthe operating parts. The frame members 1 and 2 are provided withbearings'forthe shaft of a rotary shaving cutter- 3. As here shown thisshaft extends to the right of the frame member 2 and is provided with apulley 3a' which is driven by a belt B passing, yaround a pulley P onthe main drive shaft S which turns in bearings in the lower rear part ofthe frame. The cutter 3 may be of any desirable type preferablyemploying a plurality of blades, and a grinding Wheel 4 of usual typemay, if desired, be provided for sharpeningv the cutter.

. At a suitable point, preferably betweenthe vertical plane .of thecutter axis and the front of the machine, I arrange a horizontal shaft 5mounted at its opposite ends in vthe .frame members 1 and 2, and on thisshaft mount an oscillatory. frame carrying the feed rollsupport.Preferably this oscillatory frame comprises the spaced side members 6and7 and the Vupper transverse bar'8. This barv is furnished with aswivel stud 9 upon which f is adjustably mountedthe feed roll support10. This supportmay be adjusted about the stud 9 by means of set screws12. The feed roll support 10 is furnished with unyieldingv bearings for'the shaft 13a of the feed roll 13l and as normally adjusted, the shaft13a is substantially parallel to the axis of the cutter 3, the feed rollbeing disposed in front of the cutter and withits axis substantially inthe same horizontal plane as the cutter axis. For limiting movement Yofthe feed roll support away from the cutter stop screws 16 are provided.

In order to swing the feed roll support away from the cutter, the sidemembers -6 and. 7 are extended downwardly below the shaft 5y as shown at18 and. 19V respectively, and springs 2O and 21 are attached to thesedownwardly extending portions,vthe rear ends of the springs beingattached to convenient parts of the frame; Y

F or moving. the feed roll toward the cutter and for. positively andunyieldingly holding it in operative position, I provide a toggle*mechanism comprising the link v23 having its rear'end pivotally securedto the feed'rollsupportl 10k and havingfits yforward endfconnecltedlbya-'pivot-pinl 27 to therear end of 'asecond link 26 whose forward" endissup#v ported by Vpintles or trunnions carried' by a slide member 31.Thisslide member restsf upon the flat upper surface of a xed table 32and may be adjusted thereon by means of the threaded stud 36. Foractuating the toggle device, I provide a connecting rod 39 whose upperend engages the pivot pin 27 and whose lower end is secured to a hook Hattached to a treadle lever 40 having a foot rest 42 at itsfforward end.This treadle lever 40 is here shown as comprising laterally spacedmembers disposed adjacent to the frame-members 1 a-n'd'12,4respectively, with the foot rest42 extending transversely across themachine, but it is to be understood that the treadleleverI may consistof a single member and that the foot rest may be of such width as isdesirable. Thetreadle lever, comprisingpthe laterally spaced parts abovereferred to, isv pivotally supported upon a Yshaft 41 which is -journaledrto turn in bearings in the frame members 1 and 2. The treadlelever is free to turn relatively to this shaft, and its downwardmovement may, if desired, be limited by an adjustable stud 38;

Preferably the feed rolltsupport 1.0 also carries a transverse shaft 43providedwith a work advancing roller 43a and' having a sprocket wheel43b at one end. A n apron 44 extends forwardly'andl downwardly toprotect the operator and to form a supportv for the work as thelatter.is advanced toward the feed roll.

In accordance with the presentA invention I provide means for drivingthefeed roll positively during the cuttingA operationi and to this endIsecure a sprocket wheel 45 rto the drive shaftl S',1and this sprocketwheel drives a sprocket chain 46 which engages a sprocket 47 secured tothe shaft 41; This shaft is provided at the leftehand side of? themachine- (Figs. 1 and-3) with a gear 48, and as the shaft 4Siis'constantly rotated while the machine is in operation, the gear 48'islikewise constantly driven.v Theframe member '1 supports afswinging linkmember 49 by means of `a stub shaft 50, and this swinging. link isprovided with a stub shaft 51 (F ig. 3) on which ismounted, to turnfreely, a gear 52.

whichhas'ixed thereto a'sprocket wheel 53.

The left-hand member ofthe treadle Ylever isprovided with apin 54 whichVprojects out war-dly through a slot 55 inthe frame member 1 and into ahole 56* in the swingingy link 49. This hole 561is of slightly largerdiameter than that of the pin. As the'treadle lever'is depressed, thelink 49 is swung in a direction to cause the gear .52 tocome'into meshwith thel gear 48v and; to be driven by the latter. A sprocket-chain 57engages the sprocket wheel 53 and passes around'a.

sprocket wheel 58 on theE end' of' the shaft 13a of the feedroll13'andwa'lsofabout sprocket 43bon the shaft carrying. roller' 43. .Non

mallyv the gear 52 is disengaged fromthe.

gear 48, but when the operator has positioned the work between the4feedlrollandthecutter lla asias@ and depressies the treadle ftdforcethe feed roll toward Athe cutter andto lockit inop`erative` positidn,the downward movement of the threadle leveralsofbrings the `gear '52into meshwith theigear 48so that the feed roll" isdriven, thus feedingthe work to the cutter in a uniform and positive ",1`nanner.` On theotherhand,` whe'nthetre'adle is released to permit the'feed roll 'to beretracted from" the" j in Fig. the feed rolllS" is lmade of such smalldiameterthat when the work W is substantially thicker at one` part thananother, for example at :its longitudinal center line,

.the feed roll will spring away from the cutter. While such springingmay be desirable, V

it is `necessaryto limit the amount of such spring and theposition atwhich it shall take place in order to obtain a proper shaving action,and to this end I provide one or moreV i H normally fixed abut-mentmembers here shown as consisting of blocks mounted to slide upon asupporting table 59 carried by the feed roll support 10.` .These blocksas here shown `are individually adjustable toward and from the aXis ofthe cutter by means of adjusting screws 63 engaging threaded openings inbrackets 64; carried by the table 59. These abutment blocks 60 may be ofany suitable material, for example of a bearing metal such as bronze, oriron lined with babbit "or, if preferred, they may be provided withrecesses or other `arrangements for holding anti-friction elements suchas the balls 61 (Fig. Preferably the facesof these blocks which are iintended to bear against the feed roll are concave on an arcsubstantially concentric with the axis ofthe feed roll. Under somecircumstances these abutments `may be permanently fixed in positionrather than adjustable, and one or'more such'abutments will beused asdesired. v

An alternatlveconstruction is` shown 1n Figs. 5 Vand 6 wherein'the feedroll shaft 13b may beof sti rigid material which will not jspringsubstantially during the cutting operation, but is provided with asheath 65 of yielding material, for example rubber, felt,

j etc., and'of substantial thickness, and having j longitudinally,

a series of hard surfaced rigid rings 66 spaced and snugly embracing thesheath. These rings may be of steel, brass ornother suitable materialadapted-to eooperate-in thesame way as the usual metal rollin holdingthe work up against the cutter. This form of roll is also provided withthe abutment blocks as above described, and while providing the desiredhard work-engaging surface, is capable of predetermined limitedeXtent. jl

While I havelhereinl shown and describe certain desirable arrangementsof parts usestrict -myself thereby to the specific arrangementillustrated, but regard all equivalent ar` rangements as fallingwithinthe scope of theV invention.`

I claim: Y

l. A; leather shaving machine having a rotating cutter, a 'feed roll,and means for holding theendportions ofthe feed roll in substantiallyunyielding predetermined relation to the cutterduring the shavingoperation, the feed roll having a work engaging surface which rigidlylresists deformation froma true circular curvature, said roll being ofsuch construction as to permitthe workengaging surface of the centralpart of the roll tos'oring away from the cutter-to accommodate `work ofnon-uniform thickness, and unyielding abutment `means to limit 'theamount of such spring. l 1 j 2. A ieather shaving machine having arotating cutter and a feed Vroll cooperating there-with, a shaft `forthe feed roll, normally fixed and unyielding bearings for the shaft, thefeed roll being of such small diameter as compared with'its length thatit springs laterally intermediate the ends of the roll in response toyabnormal pressure, and lunyielding abutment means for limiting theamount of such spring. r Y

3. Aieather shaving machine 4havinga cutter and a feed roll cooperatingtherewith, the effective surface of the feed roll being capable ofyielding laterallyV at points intermediate Vthe endsoffthe rollwhensubjected to abnormalpressure5`fsaid surface being indeformable'frofm acircular curvature toen- 4sure proper cooperation with the cutter' andunyieldin lbutadjustable abutment means for limiting such lateralyield.`

- a; leather shavingv machine comprising a cutter, a feedrollcooperating therewith,:

andjsubstantially unyielding bearings for the feed roll, the feed rollbeing of sosmall diameter. as compared with its length that itscentralgportion yields'laterally in response to abnormalpressure, andaplurality of un`v Vyielding abutments spaced longitudinally of therollfor limiting itslateral yield.

z v: 5d; Afleather lshavingmachine comprising J- a cutter, affeed' rollcooperating therewith,

andlffs'u'bstantially unyielding bearings for ffee' d roll, the"work-enga'gingA 'surface of the feed roll intermediateits ends beinglat` erallyfyieldable inresponse to abnormal pres` yielding to a j fulfor the purpose, I do not intend to re-V ilo sure, said surface beinghard and indeformable from a true circular curvature, and an unyieldingabutment for limiting. lateral yield of the feed'roll, said abutmentcomprising anti-friction means for contact with the surface of the roll.

the feed roll intermediate its ends being indeformable from a truecircular curvature and being laterally yieldable in response to abnormalpressure, and a plurality ofl unyielding abutments spaced longitudinallyof vthe roll for limiting its lateral yield, said abut-ments beingindependently adjustable.

7. A leather shaving machine having acutter and-a feed roll comprising acore, al sheath of resilient material surrounding the core, and aplurality of substantially hard surfaced rings embracing the sheath andcollectively constituting the eective surface of the roll, andunyielding abutment means associated with said roll for limiting theeccentrici'ty of saidy rings relative to the axis of the roll.

8. A leather shaving machine having a cutterand a feed roll, means formoving the feed roll into and out of cooperative relation tothe cutter,means including a pair of cooperating gears and a sprocket chain fordriving the feed roll, said gears intermeshing to drive the roll onlywhen the roll is disposed in cooperative relation to the cutter.

9. A leather shaving machine having a cutter and a feed roll, means formoving the feed roll into and out of cooperative relationl to thecutter, said means comprising a treadle, and means for driving the feedroll comprising normally separated gears which are brought intocooperative relation when the treadle is actuated to move the feed rollinto cooperative relation to the cutter, and a sprocket chain fortransmitting motion from the driven gear to the roll.r

l0. A leather shaving machine having a cutter and a feed roll, means formoving the feedroll into and out of cooperative relation to the cutter,said means comprising a treadle lever,.means for'driving the feed rollcomprising a gear coaxial'for the treadle lever-V and a second gearnormally out of mesh with said first gear, and meansV actuable by thetreadle lever when the latter is moved to bring the rollinto cooperativerelationto the cutter forcausing said second gear to mesh with the firstgear.

11. A leather shaving machine having a cutter and a feedroll, kmeansformoving the feed roll. into and out of cooperative relation to thecutter','saidfmeans comprising a* treadle lever, means for driving thefeedv roll comprisinga gear coaxial for the treadlelever, a linkrmembersupporting a second gear cooperative with the first gear but normallyout of'meshwith the latter, and connections between the treadle leverand the linkmember such that, when the treadle is actuatedto bring ltheroll into cooperative relation to the cutter, the second lgear isbrought into driving relation to the'first.

12. A. leather shavingvmachine havingl a cutter anday plurality ofl workadvancingrolls, means for mov-ing said rolls towardl and from thecutter, said means fcomprising a treadle lever, means for driving therolls comprising a gear coaxial withfthe treadle' moving the second gearinto mesh withl thev first gear. v

Signed by me at Boston, Massachusetts, thisf29th day'of-January, 1930.

FRANK WAYLAND.

